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URLhttps://byjus.com/physics/relation-between-electric-field-and-electric-potential/
Last Crawled2026-03-20 09:20:48 (17 days ago)
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The electric field exists if and only if there is an electric potential difference. If the charge is uniform at all points, however high the electric potential is, there will not be any electric field. Thus, the relation between electric field and electric potential can be generally expressed as – “Electric field is the negative space derivative of electric potential.” Electric Field and Electric Potential The relation between the electric field and electric potential is mathematically given by E = − d V d x Where, E is the Electric field. V is the electric potential. dx is the path length. – sign indicates that the electric field is directed from higher potential to lower potential Video Explanation: 1,857 Direction of Electric Field If the field is directed from lower potential to higher then the direction is taken to be positive. If the field is directed from higher potential to lower potential then the direction is taken as negative. Electric Field and Electric Potential Relation Test charge Formula Electric gradient Positive w q 0 = ∫ a b E → . d l → = V b − V a Higher as you go closer towards test charge. Negative w q 0 = ∫ a b E → . d l → = V a − V b Higher as you go move away from test charge. Equipotential surface w q 0 = ∫ a b E → . d l → = 0 Electric potential is perpendicular to Electric field lines. Electric Field and Electric Potential Relation Derivation Let us study how to find the electric potential of the electric field is given. Work done in moving the test charge q 0 from a to b is given by- W ( q 0 a → b ) = ∫ a b F → . d l → = q 0 ∫ a b E → . d l → Where, F is the force applied dl is the short element of the path while moving it from a to b. The force can be written as charge times electric field . = q 0 ∫ a b E → . d l → Dividing both sides by test charge q 0 w q 0 = ∫ a b E → . d l → Work done by the test charge is the potential V a -V b ∫ a b E → . d l → = V a − V b For equipotential surface, V a =V b thus, ∫ a b E → . d l → = 0 Hope you understood the relation and conversion between Electric Field and Electric potential. Physics Related Topics: Stay tuned with Byju’s for more such interesting articles. Also, register to “BYJU’S-The Learning App” for loads of interactive, engaging physics related videos and an unlimited academic assist.
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![](https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=506170199519639&ev=PageView&noscript=1) The electric field exists if and only if there is an electric potential difference. If the charge is uniform at all points, however high the electric potential is, there will not be any electric field. Thus, the relation between electric field and electric potential can be generally expressed as – **“Electric field is the negative space derivative of electric potential.”** ## Electric Field and Electric Potential The relation between the electric field and [electric potential](https://byjus.com/jee/electric-potential-energy/) is mathematically given by | | |---| | E \= − d V d x | Where, E is the Electric field. V is the electric potential. dx is the path length. – sign indicates that the electric field is directed from higher potential to lower potential ### Video Explanation: ![](https://cdn1.byjus.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Relation-between-Electric-Field-and-Potential.jpg) 1,857 ### Direction of Electric Field - If the field is directed from lower potential to higher then the direction is taken to be positive. - If the field is directed from higher potential to lower potential then the direction is taken as negative. ## Electric Field and Electric Potential Relation | | | | |---|---|---| | **Test charge** | **Formula** | **Electric gradient** | | **Positive** | w q 0 \= ∫ a b E → . d l → \= V b − V a | Higher as you go closer towards test charge. | | **Negative** | w q 0 \= ∫ a b E → . d l → \= V a − V b | Higher as you go move away from test charge. | | **Equipotential surface** | w q 0 \= ∫ a b E → . d l → \= 0 | Electric potential is perpendicular to Electric field lines. | ## Electric Field and Electric Potential Relation Derivation Let us study how to find the electric potential of the electric field is given. Work done in moving the test [charge](https://byjus.com/physics/electric-charge/) q0 from a to b is given by- W ( q 0 a → b ) \= ∫ a b F → . d l → \= q 0 ∫ a b E → . d l → Where, - F is the force applied - dl is the short element of the path while moving it from a to b. **The force can be written as charge times electric field**. \= q 0 ∫ a b E → . d l → Dividing both sides by test charge q0 w q 0 \= ∫ a b E → . d l → Work done by the test charge is the potential Va\-Vb ∫ a b E → . d l → \= V a − V b **For equipotential surface, Va\=Vb** thus, ∫ a b E → . d l → \= 0 Hope you understood the relation and conversion between Electric Field and Electric potential. **Physics Related Topics:** | | |---| | [Electric Field Lines](https://byjus.com/physics/electric-field-lines/) | | [Electric Force](https://byjus.com/physics/electrical-force/) | | [Electrolytic Capacitor](https://byjus.com/physics/electrolytic-capacitor/) | | [Electric Circuit and Electrical Symbols](https://byjus.com/physics/electric-circuit-electrical-symbols/) | *Stay tuned with Byju’s for more such interesting articles. Also, register to “BYJU’S-The Learning App” for loads of interactive, engaging physics related videos and an unlimited academic assist.* Test Your Knowledge On Relation Between Electric Field And Electric Potential\! Q5 ![Quiz Image](https://cdn1.byjus.com/byjusweb/img/interactive-quiz/Quiz_cartoon.png) Put your understanding of this concept to test by answering a few MCQs. Click ‘Start Quiz’ to begin\! Select the correct answer and click on the “Finish” button Check your score and answers at the end of the quiz Start Quiz Congrats\! Visit BYJU’S for all Physics related queries and study materials Your result is as below 0 out of 0 arewrong 0 out of 0 are correct 0 out of 0 are Unattempted View Quiz Answers and Analysis X Login To View Results Mobile Number\* Send OTP Did not receive OTP? Request OTP on Voice Call Login To View Results Name\* Email ID\* Grade\* City\* View Result #### Comments ### Leave a Comment [Cancel reply](https://byjus.com/physics/relation-between-electric-field-and-electric-potential/#respond) ![](https://cdn1.byjus.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/Vector-2219-2.png) #### Register with BYJU'S & Download Free PDFs #### Register with BYJU'S & Watch Live Videos ![](https://cdn1.byjus.com/byjusweb/img/landing-pages/utils-icon/play.svg) ×
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The electric field exists if and only if there is an electric potential difference. If the charge is uniform at all points, however high the electric potential is, there will not be any electric field. Thus, the relation between electric field and electric potential can be generally expressed as – **“Electric field is the negative space derivative of electric potential.”** ## Electric Field and Electric Potential The relation between the electric field and [electric potential](https://byjus.com/jee/electric-potential-energy/) is mathematically given by E \= − d V d x Where, E is the Electric field. V is the electric potential. dx is the path length. – sign indicates that the electric field is directed from higher potential to lower potential ### Video Explanation: ![](https://cdn1.byjus.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Relation-between-Electric-Field-and-Potential.jpg) 1,857 ### Direction of Electric Field - If the field is directed from lower potential to higher then the direction is taken to be positive. - If the field is directed from higher potential to lower potential then the direction is taken as negative. ## Electric Field and Electric Potential Relation | | | | |---|---|---| | **Test charge** | **Formula** | **Electric gradient** | | **Positive** | w q 0 \= ∫ a b E → . d l → \= V b − V a | Higher as you go closer towards test charge. | | **Negative** | w q 0 \= ∫ a b E → . d l → \= V a − V b | Higher as you go move away from test charge. | | **Equipotential surface** | w q 0 \= ∫ a b E → . d l → \= 0 | Electric potential is perpendicular to Electric field lines. | ## Electric Field and Electric Potential Relation Derivation Let us study how to find the electric potential of the electric field is given. Work done in moving the test [charge](https://byjus.com/physics/electric-charge/) q0 from a to b is given by- W ( q 0 a → b ) \= ∫ a b F → . d l → \= q 0 ∫ a b E → . d l → Where, - F is the force applied - dl is the short element of the path while moving it from a to b. **The force can be written as charge times electric field**. \= q 0 ∫ a b E → . d l → Dividing both sides by test charge q0 w q 0 \= ∫ a b E → . d l → Work done by the test charge is the potential Va\-Vb ∫ a b E → . d l → \= V a − V b **For equipotential surface, Va\=Vb** thus, ∫ a b E → . d l → \= 0 Hope you understood the relation and conversion between Electric Field and Electric potential. **Physics Related Topics:** *Stay tuned with Byju’s for more such interesting articles. Also, register to “BYJU’S-The Learning App” for loads of interactive, engaging physics related videos and an unlimited academic assist.*
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