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Raw Queries and Responses

1. Shard Calculation

Query:

Response:

Calculated Shard: 9 (from laksa062)

2. Crawled Status Check

Query:

curl -X POST \
  'http://laksa009.int.ahrefs:8124/' \
  -H 'Content-Type: text/plain' \
  -H 'X-ClickHouse-Database: crawler3' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic YXBpOg==' \
  -d 'SELECT getAhrefsURLFromUnparsed(src_unparsed) AS found_url, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(download_stamp), 0) AS crawl_time, ifNull(toUnixTimestamp(props_url_first_seen), 0) AS first_indexed_time, download_http_code AS http_code, src_unparsed AS src_unparsed, src_root_hash AS src_root_hash, history_drop_reason AS history_drop_reason, meta_title AS meta_title, meta_descriptions AS meta_descriptions, attrs_boilerpipe_text AS attrs_boilerpipe_text, attrs_markdown AS attrs_markdown, attrs_readable_markdown AS attrs_readable_markdown, meta_canonical AS meta_canonical FROM crawler3.page_info_local FINAL PREWHERE (src_root_hash, src_unparsed) IN ((getAhrefsRootHashFromUnparsed(getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'http://www.realvol.com/volformula.htm\')), getAhrefsUnparsedNoserviceFromURL(\'http://www.realvol.com/volformula.htm\'))) FORMAT JSONEachRow'

Response:

{"found_url":"http:\/\/www.realvol.com\/volformula.htm","crawl_time":1775836531,"first_indexed_time":0,"http_code":200,"src_unparsed":"com,realvol!www,\/volformula.htm h80","src_root_hash":"10382502156082576009","history_drop_reason":null,"meta_title":"Calculating Realized Volatility","meta_descriptions":[],"attrs_boilerpipe_text":"RealVol  Daily Formula\n(Realized Volatility Formulas)\nThe RealVol daily formula is used for calculation of the realized  volatility indices and realized volatility of volatility indices (RVOL and  RVOV).  Those indices are used for contract settlement (expiration) of  RealVol instruments.\nDesign of RealVol Daily Formula\nMean Set to Zero\nThe RealVol Daily Formula  starts with the traditional formula for standard deviation and modifies it in a few key ways. First, we set  the mean to zero in order to provide “movement regardless of direction” instead of “movement about a mean or trend.” Doing so makes hedging easier for options traders and corresponds to the formula used for variance swaps and volatility swaps in the over-the-counter market.\nAnnualization Factor\nSecond, RealVol sets the annualization factor to a constant. The constant value of 252 represents the number of trading days in a typical year in the  U.S. Because of  the vagaries of the  calendar in any particular year and\/or the holiday schedules in any particular country,  the actual number of trading days may be slightly higher or lower than 252. However, it is preferable to have one approximate constant than to have a variety of exact, but different, values.\nDe\ng\nr\ne\ne\ns of Freedom\nThird, “degrees of freedom” is a term in statistics used to extrapolate  from a sample of data to the entire dataset. Since the intent is to provide the exact realized volatility over a specific period and not to extrapolate that sample dataset to the entire history of trading, RealVol sets the degrees of freedom to zero.\nD\nollar and Cents Construct\nFinally, the result is typically a value less than 1.00. RealVol multiplies the result by 100  in  order to bring the values to a more intuitive “dollars and cents” construct. For example, the annualized realized volatility of an equity index may be 0.20. Often, traders would quote this number as 20%. RealVol would disseminate the index value as 20.00.\nRealVol Daily Formula\nFormula 1\nWhere:\nVol = Realized volatility\n252 = a constant representing the  approximate number of trading days in a year\nt = a counter representing each  trading day\nn = number of trading days in the  measurement time frame\nRt = continuously  compounded daily returns as calculated by the formula:\nFormula 2\nWhere:\nLn\n= natural logarithm\nPt = Underlying  Reference Price (“closing price”) at day t\nPt–1 = Underlying  Reference Price at day immediately preceding day t\nAlso see\nRealVol  Real-Time  Formula\n.\n© \n                Copyright 2010-2021 RealVol LLC. All rights reserved \n                •\nSite Map","attrs_markdown":"|   |   |   |\n|---|---|---|\n| ![](http:\/\/www.realvol.com\/VolX_realizedvolatilityexchange4.png) ![](http:\/\/www.realvol.com\/VolX_realizedvolatilityexchange4m.png) |   |   |\n|   |   |   |\n|   |   |   |\n|   |   | © Copyright 2010-2021 RealVol LLC. All rights reserved • [Site Map](http:\/\/www.realvol.com\/sitemap2.html) |","attrs_readable_markdown":"## RealVol Daily Formula  (Realized Volatility Formulas)\nThe RealVol daily formula is used for calculation of the realized volatility indices and realized volatility of volatility indices (RVOL and RVOV). Those indices are used for contract settlement (expiration) of RealVol instruments.\n\n### Design of RealVol Daily Formula\n![Realized volatility formula](http:\/\/www.realvol.com\/knob2.jpg)\n\n**Mean Set to Zero**   \n The RealVol Daily Formula starts with the traditional formula for standard deviation and modifies it in a few key ways. First, we set the mean to zero in order to provide “movement regardless of direction” instead of “movement about a mean or trend.” Doing so makes hedging easier for options traders and corresponds to the formula used for variance swaps and volatility swaps in the over-the-counter market.\n\n**Annualization Factor**   \n Second, RealVol sets the annualization factor to a constant. The constant value of 252 represents the number of trading days in a typical year in the U.S. Because of the vagaries of the calendar in any particular year and\/or the holiday schedules in any particular country, the actual number of trading days may be slightly higher or lower than 252. However, it is preferable to have one approximate constant than to have a variety of exact, but different, values.\n\n**De****g****r****e****e****s of Freedom**   \n Third, “degrees of freedom” is a term in statistics used to extrapolate from a sample of data to the entire dataset. Since the intent is to provide the exact realized volatility over a specific period and not to extrapolate that sample dataset to the entire history of trading, RealVol sets the degrees of freedom to zero.\n\n**D****ollar and Cents Construct**   \n Finally, the result is typically a value less than 1.00. RealVol multiplies the result by 100 in order to bring the values to a more intuitive “dollars and cents” construct. For example, the annualized realized volatility of an equity index may be 0.20. Often, traders would quote this number as 20%. RealVol would disseminate the index value as 20.00.\n\n### RealVol Daily Formula\n> ### Formula 1\n> ![](http:\/\/www.realvol.com\/formula10.gif)\n> \n> Where:\n> \n> > Vol = Realized volatility   \n> >  252 = a constant representing the approximate number of trading days in a year  \n> >  t = a counter representing each trading day  \n> >  n = number of trading days in the measurement time frame  \n> >  Rt = continuously compounded daily returns as calculated by the formula:\n> ### Formula 2\n> ![](http:\/\/www.realvol.com\/formula11.gif)\n> \n> Where:\n> \n> > *Ln* = natural logarithm  \n> >  Pt = Underlying Reference Price (“closing price”) at day t  \n> >  Pt–1 = Underlying Reference Price at day immediately preceding day t\n\nAlso see [RealVol Real-Time Formula](http:\/\/www.realvol.com\/VolatilityFormula2.html).\n***\n|   |   |   |\n|---|---|---|\n|   |   | © Copyright 2010-2021 RealVol LLC. All rights reserved • [Site Map](http:\/\/www.realvol.com\/sitemap2.html) |\n***","meta_canonical":null}

3. Robots.txt Check

Query:

Response:

4. Spam/Ban Check

Query:

Response:

5. Seen Status Check

ℹ️ Skipped - page is already crawled

📄

INDEXABLE

✅

CRAWLED

5 days ago

🤖

ROBOTS ALLOWED

Page Info Filters

Filter	Status	Condition	Details
HTTP status	PASS	`download_http_code = 200`	HTTP 200
Age cutoff	PASS	`download_stamp > now() - 6 MONTH`	0.2 months ago
History drop	PASS	`isNull(history_drop_reason)`	No drop reason
Spam/ban	PASS	`fh_dont_index != 1 AND ml_spam_score = 0`	ml_spam_score=0
Canonical	PASS	`meta_canonical IS NULL OR = '' OR = src_unparsed`	Not set

Page Details

Property	Value
URL	http://www.realvol.com/volformula.htm
Last Crawled	2026-04-10 15:55:31 (5 days ago)
First Indexed	not set
HTTP Status Code	200
Meta Title	Calculating Realized Volatility
Meta Description	null
Meta Canonical	null
Boilerpipe Text	RealVol Daily Formula (Realized Volatility Formulas) The RealVol daily formula is used for calculation of the realized volatility indices and realized volatility of volatility indices (RVOL and RVOV). Those indices are used for contract settlement (expiration) of RealVol instruments. Design of RealVol Daily Formula Mean Set to Zero The RealVol Daily Formula starts with the traditional formula for standard deviation and modifies it in a few key ways. First, we set the mean to zero in order to provide “movement regardless of direction” instead of “movement about a mean or trend.” Doing so makes hedging easier for options traders and corresponds to the formula used for variance swaps and volatility swaps in the over-the-counter market. Annualization Factor Second, RealVol sets the annualization factor to a constant. The constant value of 252 represents the number of trading days in a typical year in the U.S. Because of the vagaries of the calendar in any particular year and/or the holiday schedules in any particular country, the actual number of trading days may be slightly higher or lower than 252. However, it is preferable to have one approximate constant than to have a variety of exact, but different, values. De g r e e s of Freedom Third, “degrees of freedom” is a term in statistics used to extrapolate from a sample of data to the entire dataset. Since the intent is to provide the exact realized volatility over a specific period and not to extrapolate that sample dataset to the entire history of trading, RealVol sets the degrees of freedom to zero. D ollar and Cents Construct Finally, the result is typically a value less than 1.00. RealVol multiplies the result by 100 in order to bring the values to a more intuitive “dollars and cents” construct. For example, the annualized realized volatility of an equity index may be 0.20. Often, traders would quote this number as 20%. RealVol would disseminate the index value as 20.00. RealVol Daily Formula Formula 1 Where: Vol = Realized volatility 252 = a constant representing the approximate number of trading days in a year t = a counter representing each trading day n = number of trading days in the measurement time frame Rt = continuously compounded daily returns as calculated by the formula: Formula 2 Where: Ln = natural logarithm Pt = Underlying Reference Price (“closing price”) at day t Pt–1 = Underlying Reference Price at day immediately preceding day t Also see RealVol Real-Time Formula . © Copyright 2010-2021 RealVol LLC. All rights reserved • Site Map
Markdown	\| \| \| \| \|---\|---\|---\| \| ![](http://www.realvol.com/VolX_realizedvolatilityexchange4.png) ![](http://www.realvol.com/VolX_realizedvolatilityexchange4m.png) \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| \| © Copyright 2010-2021 RealVol LLC. All rights reserved • [Site Map](http://www.realvol.com/sitemap2.html) \|
Readable Markdown	## RealVol Daily Formula (Realized Volatility Formulas) The RealVol daily formula is used for calculation of the realized volatility indices and realized volatility of volatility indices (RVOL and RVOV). Those indices are used for contract settlement (expiration) of RealVol instruments. ### Design of RealVol Daily Formula ![Realized volatility formula](http://www.realvol.com/knob2.jpg) Mean Set to Zero The RealVol Daily Formula starts with the traditional formula for standard deviation and modifies it in a few key ways. First, we set the mean to zero in order to provide “movement regardless of direction” instead of “movement about a mean or trend.” Doing so makes hedging easier for options traders and corresponds to the formula used for variance swaps and volatility swaps in the over-the-counter market. Annualization Factor Second, RealVol sets the annualization factor to a constant. The constant value of 252 represents the number of trading days in a typical year in the U.S. Because of the vagaries of the calendar in any particular year and/or the holiday schedules in any particular country, the actual number of trading days may be slightly higher or lower than 252. However, it is preferable to have one approximate constant than to have a variety of exact, but different, values. Degrees of Freedom Third, “degrees of freedom” is a term in statistics used to extrapolate from a sample of data to the entire dataset. Since the intent is to provide the exact realized volatility over a specific period and not to extrapolate that sample dataset to the entire history of trading, RealVol sets the degrees of freedom to zero. Dollar and Cents Construct Finally, the result is typically a value less than 1.00. RealVol multiplies the result by 100 in order to bring the values to a more intuitive “dollars and cents” construct. For example, the annualized realized volatility of an equity index may be 0.20. Often, traders would quote this number as 20%. RealVol would disseminate the index value as 20.00. ### RealVol Daily Formula > ### Formula 1 > ![](http://www.realvol.com/formula10.gif) > > Where: > > > Vol = Realized volatility > > 252 = a constant representing the approximate number of trading days in a year > > t = a counter representing each trading day > > n = number of trading days in the measurement time frame > > Rt = continuously compounded daily returns as calculated by the formula: > ### Formula 2 > ![](http://www.realvol.com/formula11.gif) > > Where: > > > Ln = natural logarithm > > Pt = Underlying Reference Price (“closing price”) at day t > > Pt–1 = Underlying Reference Price at day immediately preceding day t Also see [RealVol Real-Time Formula](http://www.realvol.com/VolatilityFormula2.html). * \| \| \| \| \|---\|---\|---\| \| \| \| © Copyright 2010-2021 RealVol LLC. All rights reserved • [Site Map](http://www.realvol.com/sitemap2.html) \| *
Shard	9 (laksa)
Root Hash	10382502156082576009
Unparsed URL	com,realvol!www,/volformula.htm h80